The term transparency has become a widespread, well-known and widely used term. It means the commitment of governors, working managers and officials at all levels and ranks to:
* Respect frank and free competition, and the equality of all citizens before the law.
* Respecting the rules of good management and subjecting government expenditures to control and audit.
Transparency also means the availability of accurate information in a timely manner and allowing everyone access to sufficient and necessary information, which helps in making good and sound decisions, as well as in order to expand the circle of participation, oversight and accountability, and in order to reduce waste and contain corruption.
The principle of transparency is based on a lofty social philosophy whose primary goal is to democratize the work of managing public facilities, leaving freedom to the individual in order to know the truth and discuss it. It is a method of behavior and a method of information and communication that aims to establish a relationship full of trust and preservation between organizations and the different categories of current audiences inside and outside the institution that are affected by the activity of that organization. This principle has succeeded to some extent as a basic standard. It allows employees to see the various operations carried out by the administrator in order to implement social services, and thus to know the details of the management of the government facility and its secrets. Adopting the principle of transparency within the rules of good management aims to respect competition, legitimacy and equality before the law for all citizens.
In light of the above, a number of international initiatives and efforts at the global, Asian and Arab levels can be summarized, which have taken the lead in promoting the concept of transparency, achieving integrity and fighting corruption, which primarily enhances the values of transparency, accountability and integrity in these countries, including the following:
The Kingdom of Denmark is characterized by a special, declared system that transparently discloses all information related to the state budget. Citizens are also allowed to evaluate the government’s performance in dealing with the budget, and to suggest aspects of spending on the state’s public projects.
On the other hand, Transparency International emphasizes that the countries that occupy advanced ranks in the fight against corruption, including Denmark, highlight the wide margin of freedom for the press, and its role in revealing aspects of corruption with detailed information and names, regardless of the position of the person involved in corruption.
As for the Japanese efforts in the field of transparency, Japan has sought, in order to achieve transparency and integrity, to reduce regulations and work to achieve decentralization in decision-making. As for the process of administrative accountability, it must be understood that supporting accountability has led to strengthening the role of various departments, and making them accountable to the concerned authorities in order to achieve the goals set for them.
Japan paid attention to its code of ethics. There are ethical standards that must be adhered to by the concerned departments. The principle of democracy has also been supported, with an emphasis on the role of the individual and society in the decision-making process, motivating all individuals working in the various departments and supporting their efficiency in order to positively influence the infrastructure and development support process.
As for the efforts of the Kingdom of Bahrain in the field of transparency, it was stated in the amended Constitution of 2002 in the text of Article (48/A): “Every minister shall supervise the affairs of his ministry, implement the general policy of the government therein, and also determine the direction of the ministry and supervise its implementation.” This responsibility that has been entrusted to him must be accompanied by accountability to the extent of the responsibility. Therefore, in the event of a negligence by any official, he or the other must be held accountable and held accountable for that negligence according to the text of the Constitution.
We believe that more stringent transparency requirements have improved genuine democratic practices in many Western countries in recent decades. However, defending personal privacy remains an important goal, and requires a kind of effective balance in maintaining confidentiality in some important and sensitive areas, such as national security, diplomacy, and human rights.
