Syed Hussein Al -Qassab
* The thermal dome is locked in hot air and doubles the feeling of heat* July 2024 record the highest average daily heat in Bahrain since 1902* Suhail star overlooks Bahrain August 24 and the beginning of the moderation of the atmosphere gradually* Auctal autumn starts September 22 .. And the decrease in heat at0.1 per day* The day is equal to the night at the end of September in Bahrain
The Kingdom of Bahrain is witnessing during the next five days a very hot and humid atmosphere, as the maximum temperatures reach 45 degrees Celsius, with relative humidity of 90%, amid effects of the phenomenon of the thermal dome that holds hot air and doubles the feeling of heat. This hot wave comes in the context of record heights in the region, as the temperature in some Gulf countries exceeded 50 degrees Celsius, and in Iran is a 52 ° checkpoint for the first time, while July 2024 recorded the highest average daily temperature in Bahrain since the start of the records in 1902.
And astronomically, the researchers are awaiting the appearance of Suhail star in the sky of Bahrain at dawn of August 24, marking the beginning of a gradual moderation of the atmosphere, with the astronomical autumn start on September 22, where the temperature decreases at a rate of 0.1 degrees per day, and the day and night is equal in the end of the same month, in an annual cycle related to the movement of the Earth around the sun and the tendency of its axis.
Bahrain is distinguished by its unique geographical location in the heart of the Arabian Gulf, where it is surrounded by water from all sides, which gives it a hot and humid sea climate in the summer, due to its occurrence on a relative low latitude in the northern half of the globe. The Kingdom is affected by hot air masses coming from the Arabian Peninsula, which bears high temperatures and dry air, but the presence of the surrounding sea adds a high percentage of humidity, especially in the summer months from June to September.
The heat of heat is usually reached in July and August, where the lack of clouds, the severity of solar radiation and the length of daylight hours contribute to raising temperatures to record levels, with a sense of heat increasing due to high humidity.
Thermal dome
The thermal dome is an air phenomenon that occurs when a strong atmosphere is formed in the upper atmosphere, and it works as a cover that holds hot air over a specific area for a long time, which prevents cold air and regenerate air masses. As the sun’s brightness continues, temperatures gradually rise to record levels, and may be accompanied by high humidity that increases the feeling of heat, which poses healthy risks such as sun and dryness, as well as environmental effects such as soil dryness and increased probability of fires.
Several neighboring countries announced that they were affected by the thermal dome phenomenon during the past months, as unprecedented heights in temperatures reached record levels.
In May 2025, the phenomenon included Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Syria, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Iraq, with expectations that heat exceeds 40 degrees Celsius in a number of capitals, while June witnessed warnings of the wave intensification to approach 50 degrees Celsius in southern Iraq, southern Kuwait and northeastern Saudi Arabia, as well as the UAE and the Sultanate of Oman. In Iran, the authorities issued a rare warning after the temperature exceeded the 52 ° C in some areas, amid fears of widespread health and environmental repercussions.
Meteorological numbers
According to the bulletin issued by the Meteorological Department of the Ministry of Communications and Communications on August 13, 2025, on Wednesday, the weather was hot and relatively wet during the night, and the maximum temperature reached 45 degrees Celsius, with a great relative humidity of 75%. As for Thursday, August 14th, hot and wet weather continues at night, and the heat remains at 45 degrees Celsius, while the great humidity rises to 85%.
On Friday, August 15, hot and humid weather prevails with some clouds, as the maximum temperature decreases slightly to 43 degrees Celsius, while the maximum humidity records 90%. As for Saturday, August 16, hot and wet weather continues with some clouds, and the maximum temperature reaches 42 degrees Celsius, with the continued moisture of 90%. On Sunday, August 17, the Kingdom will conclude with a hot and similar moist atmosphere, as the maximum temperature is 43 degrees Celsius, and the maximum humidity remains at 90%.
Looking at the historical side and climatic comparisons, Bahrain is known for its high temperatures at the height of the summer, but recent years have witnessed record unprecedented records. In July 2024, the Kingdom recorded the highest average month Celsius recorded in 2017 and 2020. As for August 2022, the average temperature of the month reached 36.3 degrees Celsius, which is the fifth highest average for August since the start of the records, with 43.7 ° C on August 15 at Bahrain International Airport, while the highest temperature registered in August remains at 45.7 degrees Celsius in 1993. In July, the Kingdom witnessed 2025 a monthly temperature of 36.1 degrees Celsius, which is the sixth higher since the start of records.
Astronomical
On the part of the astronomical, the astronomical researcher Ali Al -Hajri told Al -Watan that the moderation of the atmosphere will be noted gradually and slowly at night after the star of Suhail appears on the Bahrain horizon before sunrise on Sunday and corresponding to the 24th of August, which is about 4 degrees, as this period of the year is a good opening for the beginning of the mild atmosphere before the fall of the autumn, astronomically on the 22nd of next September at exactly 09:19 in the evening, which will extend to 89 days, 20 hours and 43 minutes, and that the autumn features do not appear clearly in Bahrain, despite the slight changes in temperatures, which begin to change at night and then during the day, and this process needs several months to be tangible and clear.
He cautioned that the weather changes are not related to the emergence of the stars of the sky, as some believe because of their great distance from the earth, but the appearance of stars in the sky coincided with the changes of accompanying the seasons of the year, especially for craft professions such as agriculture, fishing, research trips, travel, the spread of seasonal diseases and bird migration, which depend on the Earth’s inclination during their rotation around the sun.
And Al -Hajri indicated that the height of the sun at the time of the disappearance with the appearance of Suhail star on the 24th of August of each year is at 74 degrees and 42 minutes, and it begins with a gradual decrease more with the entry of September of each year, and with the approaching of the autumnal moderation resulting from Milan the Earth’s axis, to be between 71 degrees and 53 minutes at the beginning of next month to 60 degrees and 48 minutes at the end, to be reflected in temperatures throughout the month of September, and continues to decrease Gradually at a rate of approximately (0.1 ° C per day), the small temperatures decrease from 30 degrees at the beginning of the month to 27 degrees at the end of the month approximately at night, and the maximum temperatures decrease at the same rate, and are between 38 degrees to approximately 35 degrees with high humidity, and the feeling of cold degrees is relatively at night in late October with the continuation of the temperature during the day, and the air cools at the end of the next November of each year.
He stated that the day period was gradually decreased by astronomical summer on the 20th of last June, to be equal to the day and night after the summer coup by 99 days in Bahrain on September 27 and 28, and not the day of moderation, that is, after the fall of the autumn astronomical season, due to the direction of the Earth’s Milan in relation to the sun ascending to the winter.
Al -Hajri concluded that the star of Suhail is one of the southern stars of the globe, meaning that he does not see after a line of latitude 37 degrees and 17 minutes north and is always under the horizon, while Suhail shines and sets between a line of latitude less than 37 degrees and 17 minutes north to 37 degrees and 17 minutes south, and it is not absent from the horizon whenever we move to the south to the southern pole of the globe, so each line of the globe is monitored. The sky has varying appearance periods of the year, and the maximum height of the Bahrain horizon is 11 degrees and 8 minutes.
Medical recommendations
As for a healthy side, the General Health Consultant and the President of the Friends of Health Association, Dr. Kawthar Al -Eid, a set of health advice to deal with very high heat and humidity waves, stressing that these climatic conditions are increasingly dangerous for the elderly, children, heart patients, diabetes, and outdoor workers.
She explained that with the high temperatures and humidity to record levels, the risk of heat stress, sunstroke and dehydration increases, especially in our areas that witness severe summer, especially Bahrain, indicating that these climatic conditions may affect everyone’s health, but they are greater danger to the elderly, children, heart patients, diabetics, and people who work or practice outdoor activities.
D. Kawthar drinking water regularly throughout the day, even if you do not feel thirsty, as thirst may be a late indication of dehydration, as it is recommended to avoid soft drinks and drinks that contain caffeine or sugar in large quantities, as it may increase fluid loss. And she showed that the sunlight is more severe between 10 am and 4 pm, advising everyone to stay in the shade, or in air -conditioned places during this period, and she said: “If you have to go out, he wore a wide -edge hat and sunglasses, and used a solar protector with a protection factor of at least 30, while re -putting it every two hours, and wearing light clothes, loose, and light color, because it helps to reflect the sunlight, and it helps to reflect the sunlight. It allows body ventilation.
As for exercising, I advised Dr. By exercising early in the morning, or after sunset, taking frequent rest periods in the shade or cold places. She pointed to the importance of closing curtains or windows during the day to prevent heat and dust from entering, and the use of fans or air conditioning devices, pointing out that when using fans, it must be ensured that they contribute to cooling the atmosphere, and not only in moving hot air.
She explained that the signs of dehydration are extreme thirst, dry mouth, lack of urination or a dark color, and dizziness. As for the signs of heat stress or sunstroke, they include a severe headache, high body temperature, redness and dryness of the skin, nausea, heartbeat, and consciousness, stressing that when these symptoms appear, the person must be transferred immediately to a cold place, cooling it with water, and asking for medical help.
D. Kawthar on the importance of monitoring children, the elderly and those with chronic diseases, they may not feel or not express the thirst enough, indicating the importance of ensuring that they drink appropriate quantities of water, and spend their time in cold places. With regard to food, I mentioned that high temperature and humidity increases the speed of food corruption, which may cause food poisoning, indicating that it is important to take care to save the damaged foods in the refrigerator, avoid leaving them exposed, or at room temperature for long periods.
These recommendations emphasize the importance of community members ’commitment to preventive measures, especially in light of the indicators that constantly the continuity of the hot wave and high humidity during the coming period, to maintain public health and avoid complications resulting from heat stress.
