Ayman shape
- The average heat reached 28.4 ° C, a height of 2.4 ° C above the historical rate
- Free waves will affect the environment, soil, public health and infrastructure
- The necessity of adopting urban and agricultural planning strategies for adaptation and mitigation
The associate professor in sustainable architecture at Bahrain University, Dr. Nasser Al -Nasser, one of the effects of climate change on urban planning strategies in Bahrain, stressing in a report that the registered numbers of temperatures during the month of April in the Kingdom are the most extreme since the start of climate registrations in 1902, according to the monthly bulletin issued by the Meteorological Department, and said that these data constitute an alarm to architects and decision makers to review urban planning strategies in light of the acceleration of change Climate, calls for the age of firm legislation to choose building materials, design buildings that combat climate change, and adopt water conservation strategies.
And monitored the report of Dr. Nasser, the most prominent record records recorded in Bahrain, where the average temperature reached 28.4 ° C at a height of 2.4 ° C from the historical rate, and the average maximum temperature was 33.7 degrees Celsius, which is 3.1 degrees Celsius, and no rains were recorded during the month, although its historical rate was 5.8 mm, while the standard sunshine rose from 318.1 hours in 2017, to 334.8 hours of sun.
High temperatures
He pointed to the climate expectations for the year 2060, where approved mathematical models revealed expectations for high temperatures 3-4 degrees Celsius from the pre-industrial era, which will lead to an increase in free waves and its long-term, and a rise in thermal stress rates, which poses a threat to public health, and effects on infrastructure, such as electricity and water networks, in addition to challenges in agriculture and food security; Because of the change in rainy patterns and increased evaporation.
He explained that the high temperatures requires following strategies for adaptation and mitigation, as they will affect solar cells, cooling devices, buildings shape, windows direction, area, type of glass and “brick” used in buildings.
Wind and moisture change
He noted that there are no expectations for changing wind speed or future humidity rates in the Kingdom, pointing out that the average humidity in Bahrain ranges between 35% – 65%, but it warned of the impact of climate change, which can lead to high temperatures, increased water evaporation, wind patterns change, and the possibility of high humidity in some seasons, especially in coastal areas, as a result of the high temperature of the Arabian Gulf water.
On the number of sunlight hours in the future, he stressed that international models and measurements indicate that the estimated change in the average number of hours of sunlight annually in the Kingdom of Bahrain from 2025 to 2060, tends to gradually increase to increase from 3100 hours to 3400 hours annually as a result of climate change, which is in line with expectations of high temperatures and low cloud cover. He said that such an increase is very important to take into account when designing buildings and establishments and setting the necessary policies to adapt to climate change, the most important of which is to know the amount of increase from sun electricity from solar cells, the amount of additional heat into the buildings and the amount of electricity to increase to reduce this height, and enact firm laws in choosing certain types of glass for windows such as what is called Heat Mirrors that enter the light that enters light It prevents heat.
Low rainfall
D. Nasser monitored accurate digital expectations about the average rainfall in Bahrain by 2060, but he made an analysis based on the reports of the Supreme Environment Council, international sources, current climatic data and expected changes; Where Bahrain is one of the countries with very low rainfall, and climate change is expected to lead to an additional decrease in the annual amount of rain and an increase in irregularity of precipitation, meaning that the rain may come in the form of short and severe storms instead of regular light rains, as well as increasing drought between the rainy seasons, and the average annual precipitation may decrease to 50-70 mm only by 2060, with increasing dependence on water desalination and unconventional water sources, With the possibility of prolific in one of the years or periods, such as two years of rain in a few hours, and said that some models indicate this occurring from 2030 to 2040.
He stressed that the low expected rain will lead to greater pressure on water resources, which negatively affects local agriculture and increased groundwater salinity; Because of the leakage of sea water, this requires the design of buildings to be condensed water waste from air conditioners due to the moisture of the air, within the home system to use irrigation, car washing, etc. without drinking.
