The “Baghdad Declaration” renewed the confirmation of the constants on the Palestinian issue as the “central issue of the Arabs”, stressing “adherence to the principles of good neighborhood, and the resolution of disputes peacefully”, calling for a comprehensive Syrian dialogue, and the formation of an elected civilian government in Sudan.
The Iraqi capital, Baghdad, hosted the activities of the 34th session of the Arab Summit that were held in circumstances described as the “worst” in the history of the region, especially with the continuation of the Gaza war, and the suffering of Arab countries from internal conflicts, in addition to Arab sectarian differences, which was reflected in the outcomes of the summit.
The preamble of the “Baghdad Declaration”, which consists of 19 pages, came to confirm that the holding of the summit comes “a desire to achieve stability and prosperity for the Arab nation, and in response to the challenges it faces in light of the current regional and international transformations.”
The advertisement included three sections, the first is related to the decisions of the Arab Summit, and the second to the development summit, while the latter included 16 initiatives launched by Iraq.
Central Arab issue
The Palestinian issue came at the head of the first part of the announcement, confirming the absolute support for the rights of the Palestinian people; Among them is the right to establish the state and the right to return and compensation for refugees. He called for “the immediate endowment of the war in Gaza.” He called on all countries to provide political, financial and legal support to the joint Arab -Islamic plan on reconstruction and early recovery in Gaza adopted by the emergency Arab summit in Cairo, last March, and foreign ministers of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation in the same month in Jeddah.
The announcement welcomed the proposals and initiatives that the Arab countries made to create a Gaza reconstruction fund. He stressed the importance of joint coordination of pressure towards opening all crossings to the introduction of humanitarian aid and the enabling of the United Nations agencies, especially UNRWA, to work in the Palestinian territories.
He reaffirmed the “previous positions of the categorical rejection of any form of displacement and displacement of the Palestinian people from their land, and under any name, circumstance or justification; This is a serious violation of the principles of international law and international humanitarian law, a crime against humanity, and a premium cleansing. He supported “Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas’s invitation to hold an international peace conference, and take irreversible steps to implement the two -state solution.”
In this regard, the Baghdad Declaration supported “the efforts of holding a high -level international conference to implement the solution of the two countries and embody the independence of Palestine headed by a Saudi -French joint presidency next June at the United Nations headquarters.”
He called for the deployment of protection forces for the Palestinian people and the preservation of international peace affiliated with the United Nations in Palestine until the implementation of the two -state solution, calling on the UN Security Council to “take the necessary measures to implement the solution of the two states”, stressing “the necessity of setting a time ceiling for this process.”
The declaration stressed “supporting the Palestinian president’s vision on the importance of achieving national unity on the basis of commitment to the Palestine Liberation Organization, the legitimate representative of the Palestinian people, according to the principle of one system, one law, and one legal weapon”, with “enabling the government of the State of Palestine to assume power in Gaza.”
He also stressed that «the democratic option and the contact of the polling box are the only way to respect the will of the people; To choose who represents it through presidential and legislative general elections to be held in Gaza, the West Bank and East Jerusalem.
He welcomed “the ongoing efforts of the Global Alliance to implement the solution of the two countries, which was launched in New York in September 2024 by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.” He supported the “diplomatic efforts of the ministerial committee emanating from the Arab -Islamic Summit on Gaza; To urge an immediate ceasefire, and start taking practical steps to implement the solution of the two countries.
Syrian national dialogue
On the situation in Syria, the “Baghdad Declaration” stressed respect for the options of the Syrian people, with all its components and spectrums, supporting the unity of Syrian lands, and rejecting all interference in the Syrian issue. He also condemned the “Israeli attacks continuous on Syrian soil.” The international community and the UN Security Council called for “pressure to stop these attacks.”
He stressed, “The necessity of a comprehensive transitional political process that preserves diversity and community peace, with the importance of respecting the beliefs and sanctities of all the groups and components of all the Syrian people.” He welcomed the announcement of the last US President Donald Trump, the removal of the sanctions imposed on Syria, thanking Saudi Arabia for the efforts made to support the Syrian position in this regard. He also welcomed the reduction of European sanctions imposed on Syria. He called for the adoption of a comprehensive national dialogue conference that includes all the components of the Syrian people.
Elected Sudanese government
The Baghdad Declaration affirmed “its constant support for Lebanon in facing challenges, preserving its security, stability and territorial integrity and protecting its internationally recognized borders in the face of any attacks on it and its sovereignty, implementing the necessary economic reforms”, stressing “the need to implement arrangements for stopping hostilities with all its items, adhering to Security Council Resolution No. (1701) in full of its degrees, and condemning the violations of Israel for them, And its demand for full and unconditional withdrawal from Lebanon to the internationally recognized borders.
The announcement reaffirmed “the fixed support of the Presidential Command Council in Yemen headed by Dr. Rashad Muhammad Al -Alimi, “stressing” the support of the efforts of the Yemeni government aimed at achieving national reconciliation between the components of all the Yemeni people. ” He also supported “international and regional endeavors aimed at reaching a comprehensive political solution to the Yemeni crisis.”
He stressed, “Solidarity with Sudan and its people in its endeavor to secure its estimates, protect its lands and vital infrastructure, preserve its sovereignty, independence and the unity of its lands, refuse to interfere in its affairs, and enhance its efforts in preserving its national institutions, and preventing it from collapsing by forming an independent and elected civilian government.”
He called for “discussing the possibility of calling for the resumption of Jeddah’s path (3) to reach sustainable peaceful solutions.” The Arab Communication Group, formed by the foreign ministers of Egypt, Saudi Arabia and the Secretary -General of the League of Arab States, called for “continuing their efforts and good endeavors in order to reach solutions that meet the Sudanese aspirations in stability and development.”
The declaration affirmed “Libya’s full support and resolving the crisis through the national dialogue in a way that preserves the unity of the state”, with “rejecting all forms of interference in its internal affairs.” He renewed his support “the exit of foreign forces and mercenaries from Libya in a specific time extent.”
The UAE’s sovereignty over its three islands (Greater Tunb, Al -Minor, and Abu Musa), calling on Iran to “respond to the UAE’s initiative to find a peaceful solution to this issue through direct negotiations, or resort to the International Court of Justice; According to the rules of international law and the United Nations Charter.
He stressed the necessity of establishing a nuclear weapons -free area and weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East, according to the agreed references. He stressed that water security is a basic pillar of Arab national security. In this context, he highlighted the importance of supporting the efforts made by Iraq, Egypt, Sudan and Syria; To ensure her legitimate water rights.
He condemned all the forms and patterns of terrorism and associated ideas, stressing the confrontation of organized crime, combating drugs, human trafficking, and money laundering. He also called for activating deterrent measures to combat hate speech, extremism and incitement.
On the regional and international conditions, he stressed that “the escalating tensions on the international arena highlights the decline in diplomacy in exchange for the use of force to settle disputes and disputes, which threatens the risk of the lack of fair and equitable solutions.”
In this regard, Arab leaders expressed support for talks between Iran and the United States of America to reach positive results for the use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes. The declaration also valued the role of the Sultanate of Oman in these talks, stressing again the keenness on close cooperation with the United Nations and its specialized agencies.
Food security strategy
The second section of Baghdad’s announcement of the fifth development summit included; He praised the initiative of Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Sheikh Al -Ghazwani on the blue economy. He welcomed the Arab Initiative for Artificial Intelligence. He praised Egypt’s initiative in the field of disease control. The UAE’s role in the initiative to make hope and the best future for the Arab person.
He approved the Arab Food Security Strategy for the period (2025-2035), calling for supporting the development needs plan, infrastructure projects in Yemen, and supporting development projects provided by Sudan. The project to support and accommodate the displaced families was approved by the Israeli aggression inside the Palestinian territories. He called for the lifting of the sanctions imposed on the energy and electricity sector in Syria. He welcomed the adoption of the executive plan for the Arab Water Security Strategy 2030.
Iraqi initiatives
The Baghdad Declaration concluded by welcoming the initiatives launched by Iraq, including the “Arab Initiative for Humanitarian and Development Support” through which the “Arab Fund was established to support the efforts of recovery and reconstruction from the effects of crises”; Iraq announced the donation of $ 40 million to the fund; $ 20 million is allocated to support humanitarian efforts, reconstruction in the Gaza Strip, and $ 20 million to support reconstruction efforts in Lebanon.
The announcement included the launch of the “Arab Testament to support the Syrian people” initiative; To support the establishment of a comprehensive political transitional process in Syria, the initiative supports the organization of an international conference to mobilize international support for the reconstruction process in Syria, and to enhance safe, organized and dignified return efforts for the displaced people of the Syrian people and displaced people.
He welcomed the invitation of Iraq to the participation of Arab countries in the “Road of Development Project”, as it is one of the Arab development and strategic projects in the region.
He also welcomed the invitation of Baghdad to “form an open -organist ministerial committee consisting of Iraq, Bahrain and the Secretary -General of the League of Arab States, and the Arab countries wishing to join them, which is almost tasked with views between siblings to settle disputes and calm the atmosphere.”
And with the support of Iraq, all that came in the paragraphs of the Palestinian issue was recorded “its reservation on the phrase (the limits of the fourth of June 1967), the phrase (East Jerusalem), and the phrase (the solution of the two states), and any phrase explicitly or implicitly indicates the Israeli entity as (a state) wherever it is mentioned, in the context of preserving the right of the Palestinian people to establish their state and its capital, Jerusalem, because it is not in line with Iraqi laws Window. ”
