Asma Khaled
The emirate was founded in the region of Bahrain, where it emerged as a model for organized rule. Its founder, Prince Abdullah, divided the country into three regions: Al -Ahsa, Al -Qatif, and Awal, and established multiple collections such as the Emirate’s Court and the Treasury Court. The state was taken for the states and flags, and the eyes used the Abbasid currency to enhance their loyalty to the caliphate, which reflects the close relationship between them and the Abbasid state.
The period of the rule of the eyes was distinguished by economic and administrative reforms. The economy recovered during the era of many of its princes, including Al -Fadl bin Abdullah and Muhammad bin Ahmed, and Prince Shukr bin Ali, who canceled the taxes for his parish in light of economic crises, which contributed to enhancing the stability of the region. The princes of the eyes were interested in animal development, including what Prince Al -Fadl did to protect camel pastures and protect wildlife by enacting legislation that prohibits hunting during the periods of drought and drought in addition to feeding these animals.
This period also witnessed a cultural prosperity, as poets such as Ibn al -Muqarib, who lived with the Ayouian state and documented its conditions and many aspects of its history. His poems are of great historical value; Where the history of the Ayouna family that ruled the region for more than a century and a half, while most of the history books overlooked its news. Ibn al -Muqarib praised in his office a number of the Abbasid caliphs, including the victory of the religion of God, the apparent, and the enlightening of God, stressing the depth of communication between the Ayouian state and the Abbasids and its commitment to the political, intellectual and juristic approach that the Abbasid state was, and he proudly expressed the position of the people of Bahrain and their confrontation to the Carmatians under the banner of the eyes, and what he mentioned: After the high servants. ” Which reflects the courage, sacrifices and their keenness to re -implement Islamic law. In addition to their literary achievements, the princes of the eyes have established many mosques, mosques and schools to teach forensic science, which contributed to supporting the cultural movement and spreading and revitalizing various sciences in Bahrain, and they also had a prominent role in preserving security, as Prince Muhammad Abu Sinan, known for his family’s insurance, emerged. Ibn al -Muqarib praised him by saying: “From us who accompanied the passenger from Aleppo … to Iraq to Najd to Adma.” He continued his approach to the rest of the princes, as they confronted the challenges facing the security of pilgrims.
Moreover, the princes of the Awyonian state were very generous with their commitment to a fixed financial policy in terms of granting giving and distributing funds and fruits to the citizens of the state in its specific times in order to preserve economic stability and to ensure a decent life for their citizens, so Ibn al -Muqrabeh says that one of the princes of his people says: “From us who did not leave a fire in his yard … Fiward: “The restaurant of the bird is the year of the shop, so it is a name with it … We have become behind the Ghaith, then they will leave.”
Despite the achievements of the Ayouian state, signs of gradual decline began to have appeared in its power. By the year 630 AH (1233 AD), the emirate’s stability was significantly affected, which led to the end of its reign after 167 years of judgment. The Ayouna state was known for several names, such as a kingdom, Sultanate and emirate, and its rulers were brought up with kings and princes. Despite a period of prosperity, the eyes were unable to preserve their authority in front of the internal and external challenges, which led to their fall by Al -Asfouris from Bani Amer.* Academic researcher in the civilizational history of the Arabian Gulf
